Autism Spectrum Disorder is typically diagnosed by a multidisciplinary team of qualified professionals rather than a single individual. Because there is no medical test for autism, these experts rely on behavioral observations, developmental history, and standardized tools.
Key professionals involved in the diagnostic process include:
- Developmental Pediatricians: These specialists evaluate child growth, assess developmental milestones, and rule out other medical conditions.
- Child Psychologists: These professionals focus on evaluating behaviors and administering standardized tests, such as the ADOS-2, to identify specific symptoms.
- Neurologists: They assess brain-related factors and check for neurological comorbidities like seizures.
- Child Psychiatrists: These medical doctors are also qualified to conduct evaluations and provide a formal diagnosis.
- Supporting Specialists: Evaluation teams may also include speech-language pathologists and occupational therapists to provide a comprehensive view of a child’s communication and sensory needs.
For children, the process often begins with initial screenings by general practitioners or pediatricians during well-child visits at 18 and 24 months. If red flags are identified, the family is referred to the specialists mentioned above for a formal evaluation based on DSM-5 or ICD-11 criteria.
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